Musk exits White House after 130 turbulent days

Elon Musk officially departed his role as a special government employee leading the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) on May 28, 2025, Al JazeeraNBC News ending an unprecedented experiment in tech-government integration that achieved significant federal workforce cuts but ultimately foundered on policy disagreements with President Trump. Reuters +5 The immediate trigger was Musk’s public criticism of Trump’s spending bill, which he said “increases the budget deficit” and “undermines” DOGE’s mission Al Jazeera +3 – comments that deeply upset senior White House officials including Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller. Reuters +5 While the White House characterized the departure as a planned conclusion of Musk’s 130-day temporary appointment, Fox News multiple sources indicate growing tensions over spending policy, Cabinet conflicts, and mounting business pressures at Tesla accelerated his exit. Reuters The departure marks a dramatic conclusion to Musk’s second attempt at serving in a Trump administration, having previously resigned from advisory councils in 2017 over climate policy disagreements. The FulcrumWikipedia

From climate critic to MAGA champion: Musk’s political transformation

Musk’s journey from Trump critic to close ally represents one of the most dramatic political transformations in recent American history. After serving briefly on Trump’s advisory councils in 2017, Musk resigned in protest when Trump withdrew from the Paris Climate Agreement, stating bluntly that “climate change is real” and the decision was “not good for America or the world.” Reuters +4 The relationship remained distant through Trump’s first term and deteriorated further during the Biden years, particularly after Biden excluded Tesla from a high-profile EV summit in August 2021 despite the company representing 74% of US electric vehicle sales. Rsbnetwork This snub, driven by White House concerns about angering the United Auto Workers over Tesla’s non-union status, marked a turning point in Musk’s political evolution. Tesla Mag

The transformation accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic when Musk opposed California’s lockdowns affecting Tesla factories, calling the restrictions “fascist” and developing his critique of what he termed the “woke mind virus.” NPRLiterary Hub Personal factors played a crucial role – Musk has cited his estrangement from his transgender daughter Vivian Jenna Wilson as a key motivation, claiming she was “killed by the woke mind virus.” NPRLiterary Hub By 2024, this rightward shift culminated in Musk’s immediate endorsement of Trump following the July 13 assassination attempt in Butler, Pennsylvania, followed by record-breaking donations totaling $288-290 million The Washington Post to Trump and Republican candidates through various PACs. Wikipedia +6

The reconciliation reached its apex when Trump appointed Musk to lead DOGE as a special government employee on January 20, 2025, Wikipedia granting him unprecedented authority to reshape the federal government while maintaining control of companies with billions in government contracts. 6abcReuters

The chainsaw approach: DOGE’s aggressive restructuring

During his 130-day tenure, Musk brought Silicon Valley’s “move fast and break things” mentality directly to Washington, wielding a red chainsaw at the Conservative Political Action Conference as a symbol of his bureaucracy-cutting mission. ReutersNBC News DOGE claimed to have eliminated approximately 260,000 federal positions – about 12% of the civilian workforce – through a combination of mass terminations, buyouts, and entire agency shutdowns. Reuters The initiative originally targeted $2 trillion in savings before being scaled back to $1 trillion, then ultimately claiming $175 billion in cuts, The Washington PostBoston though a Washington Post analysis found that DOGE had overstated savings by at least $55 billion. The Washington Post +3

Musk’s methods proved as controversial as they were dramatic. He demanded federal employees respond to weekend emails or face termination, attempted to shut down entire agencies including USAID, and gained access to Treasury Department payment systems containing Americans’ Social Security numbers and banking data. CNN +2 His confrontational style led to heated exchanges with Cabinet members, including a “West Wing shouting match” with Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and clashes with Secretary of State Marco Rubio over USAID’s dismantling. The Washington Post +4 Trump ultimately sided with his Cabinet secretaries, reminding a meeting that department heads, not Musk, controlled staffing decisions. PBSReuters

The aggressive approach sparked nationwide protests, with Tesla dealerships vandalized and vehicles burned. Axios +2 Fourteen states filed lawsuits challenging Musk’s authority, while federal employee unions mobilized against what they called “government by oligarch.” The Washington Post NPR investigations revealed potential data security breaches at the National Labor Relations Board, adding to concerns about DOGE’s methods. NPR

Breaking point: The spending bill that broke the alliance

The relationship between Trump and Musk reached its breaking point over fiscal policy, specifically Trump’s signature “One Big Beautiful Bill” – a massive Republican spending package that Musk viewed as contradicting DOGE’s cost-cutting mission. ABC News +3 In a May 27 CBS News interview, Musk delivered his most direct criticism of Trump since taking office: “I was disappointed to see the massive spending bill, frankly, which increases the budget deficit, not just decreases it, and undermines the work that the DOGE team is doing. I think a bill can be big or it can be beautiful, but I don’t know if it can be both.” Al Jazeera +7

These comments created an immediate crisis within the White House. Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller was “particularly irked,” forcing the administration to call Republican senators to reassure them of Trump’s continued support for the legislation. Reuters The public disagreement violated an unspoken rule of the Trump White House – that criticism stays private – and accelerated discussions about Musk’s departure that had been circulating since April.

Beyond the spending dispute, Musk had increasingly clashed with Trump’s inner circle over trade policy, calling adviser Peter Navarro “truly a moron” and “dumber than a sack of bricks” while advocating for free trade zones that contradicted Trump’s protectionist agenda. ReutersThe Washington Post His support for H-1B visas for skilled workers also put him at odds with immigration hardliners. By late May, what began as a transformational partnership had devolved into a relationship where, according to Reuters sources, Musk’s departure was “decided at a senior staff level” without even a formal conversation between the two principals. Reuters

Market relief meets political backlash

The business impact of Musk’s departure was immediate and dramatic. Tesla stock surged 5.3% on news of his exit, partially reversing a year-to-date decline of approximately 30-45% that analysts had largely attributed to his polarizing political role. Fox Business +4 The company had reported a 71% profit plunge and 13% sales drop in the first quarter of 2025, with widespread protests and boycotts significantly impacting the brand. The Washington Post Wedbush analyst Dan Ives called the departure “music to the ears of Tesla shareholders,” reflecting investor relief that Musk could refocus on the struggling automaker. Proactiveinvestors

Political reactions split predictably along party lines, though with notable nuances. While Democratic leaders celebrated – with Rep. Greg Casar calling it “a win for working people” The Washington Post – Republicans showed more mixed responses. The Washington Post House Speaker Mike Johnson praised Musk’s DOGE achievements, CNBC but TIME magazine reported that “on Capitol Hill, there was one universal sentiment circulating among Republicans of all political stripes: Finally.” GOP aides privately expressed relief, viewing Musk as having become “a drag on their efforts to deliver on a conservative agenda.” Time

Public opinion had turned decisively against Musk’s government role, with 55% saying he had too much power according to Quinnipiac polling, while his personal approval rating dropped to 35%. Al JazeeraPoynter The Wisconsin Supreme Court race, where Musk spent $3.5 million supporting the losing Republican candidate, demonstrated his limited political influence despite massive spending. PBS +2 His transformation from innovative entrepreneur to political lightning rod had alienated both Tesla customers and political moderates.

A new model for tech-government integration – or corruption?

Musk’s tenure as a government efficiency czar while simultaneously running companies with $13 billion in federal contracts over five years created unprecedented conflicts of interest that may reshape how Americans view the intersection of private wealth and public power. The Washington Post +2 During his time in government, SpaceX secured $5.92 billion in new Space Force contracts, while multiple investigations into his companies were halted or slowed. Newsweek +2 The arrangement allowed Musk to advocate for dismantling agencies that regulated his businesses while embedded DOGE personnel influenced NASA decisions affecting SpaceX contracts.

The precedent has profound implications for American governance. Tom Schatz of Citizens Against Government Waste suggested that future tech leaders might seek similar arrangements, normalizing what critics called “government by oligarch.” Reuters The fact that X platform’s value plummeted from $44 billion to an estimated $9 billion during this period, Wikipedia while SpaceX’s valuation soared to $350 billion, illustrates how government influence can create wildly divergent outcomes across a billionaire’s portfolio. NPR

Despite his departure, Musk announced plans to maintain a small White House office and spend “one to two days per week on government matters for as long as the president would like.” The Daily Beast +3 This continued involvement, albeit reduced, suggests the Trump-Musk alliance may persist in modified form, with the tech billionaire serving as an outside adviser rather than a disruptive insider.

Conclusion

Elon Musk’s 130-day experiment in bringing Silicon Valley disruption to Washington achieved significant workforce reductions but ultimately demonstrated the limits of treating democratic governance like a tech startup. Reuters His departure following public criticism of Trump’s spending priorities revealed that even the world’s richest person cannot indefinitely maintain influence when core policy visions diverge. Reuters The legacy of this unprecedented arrangement – a billionaire with massive conflicts of interest wielding direct government power – will likely prompt future administrations to establish clearer boundaries between private business interests and public service.

While DOGE will continue under Cabinet leadership, Musk’s exit removes both a lightning rod for criticism and a powerful advocate for radical government restructuring. CNNReuters The episode illuminates fundamental tensions in American democracy: between efficiency and accountability, between private sector innovation and public sector stability, and between the concentration of wealth and the diffusion of democratic power. As 人工智慧 and space exploration increasingly shape national competitiveness, the question of how to harness entrepreneurial talent without compromising democratic governance remains urgently unresolved. Musk’s turbulent tenure offers a cautionary tale about the perils of unchecked private influence in public affairs, even as it demonstrated the potential for rapid government transformation when political will aligns with disruptive vision.